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- <text id=93HT1299>
- <link 93XP0435>
- <link 93XP0199>
- <title>
- Kennedy: New Frontier's Directions
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--Kennedy Portrait
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- February 3, 1961
- New Frontier's Directions
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> One week in office was obviously not enough to shape or to
- begin to shape the policies of the Kennedy Administration. But
- enough did happen last week to provide an educated estimate of
- the directions the Administration is most likely to take in its
- first weeks and months as it heads into the New Frontier.
- </p>
- <p> Much of the evidence came from Kennedy's first press
- conference, held in the spacious auditorium of the new State
- Department Building, where, before 418 newsmen, he fielded 31
- questions in 38 minutes. From that conference, along with other
- presidential and Administration actions during the week, came the
- pointers toward the policies of the foreseeable future. Among
- them:
- </p>
- <p> FOREIGN POLICY. Kennedy and State Secretary Dean Rusk had
- hoped to gain time for working out foreign-policy plans by a
- return to the quiet techniques of traditional diplomacy at the
- ambassadorial level. But the release of U.S. Airmen Bruce
- Olmstead and John McKone upset the Kennedy Administration's
- schedule, made an early Kennedy-Khrushchev summit meeting all but
- inevitable. Both Jack Kennedy and Dean Rusk remain wary of Soviet
- intentions, still believe that the best way to prepare for accord
- is by keeping open every possible line of communication with
- Moscow. So long as his policy does not appear as weakness or
- immobility, President Kennedy does not want to make any immediate
- fresh decisions on such crises as Berlin or Laos.
- </p>
- <p> DISARMAMENT. Disarmament Administrator John McCloy will make
- a strong, serious effort to get agreement on a nuclear test ban
- as the first step toward realistic negotiations on disarmament.
- Kennedy is seeking a postponement in order to give McCloy time to
- rejudge U.S. stands and strategy of the Geneva test-ban talks,
- which had been scheduled to begin next week. In seeking the
- delay--until March--Kennedy will continue to abide by Dwight
- Eisenhower's decision in October 1958 to suspend U.S. nuclear
- tests. But strong pressure in favor of more tests will come from
- some of Kennedy's nuclear and military advisers, who are eager to
- try out the so-called "neutron bomb"--a new breed of hydrogen
- weapon that is triggered by conventional explosives rather than
- nuclear fission. The ultimate in "clean" bombs (there is
- virtually no fallout), the neutron bomb is almost certainly under
- development by Russian scientists, and the U.S. cannot afford to
- linger much longer in testing its own.
- </p>
- <p> NEW LEGISLATION. Convinced that there are plenty of unused
- executive powers lying around, Kennedy will not ask for greater
- authority to carry out reforms in such complex fields as civil
- rights, government reorganization, etc. Attorney General Robert
- Kennedy, for example, plans a massive attack on organized
- crime--but will limit his requests for congressional assistance to
- matters of money and manpower. Until he can tighten his grip on
- the Congress, with all its factions, the President will urge only
- a limited number of "vital" bills, such as federal aid for school
- construction and more money for federally assisted housing.
- Explained one Cabinet member: "The controversial stuff can come
- later. That's what Franklin Roosevelt did."
- </p>
- <p> FISCAL PROBLEMS. Kennedy has promised strong action to
- protect the value of U.S. currency and to halt the gold outflow.
- As antirecession measures, he may request temporary tax cuts and
- increased unemployment benefits from Congress--but not vast
- public-works programs. Although a deficit is all but inevitable,
- Kennedy will try to stay close to Eisenhower's balanced $80.9
- billion budget. Budget Director David Bell has already warned
- executive agencies to stick within previously decided limits in
- revising their estimates, has promised that increases will be
- restricted to "a relatively small number of items" upon which the
- President himself will make the decisions.
- </p>
- <p> LABOR POLICY. The White House would like to avoid
- interfering with the normal course of collective bargaining.
- Labor Secretary Arthur Goldberg has no plans to step into every
- strike that appears on the horizon of the New Frontier, plans to
- save his referee's whistle for situations where major sections of
- the economy are involved. But Goldberg's intervention in the New
- York tugboat and railroad strike, however dramatic and however
- salutary at the moment of its settlement, may well make it harder
- for the Administration to carry out its planned policies.
- </p>
- <p> LATIN AMERICA. In keeping with President Kennedy's oft-
- stated intention of doing more for Latin America, the
- Administration will step up financial and technical assistance
- and free-food programs, take a sympathetic view of revolutionary
- movements that have the legitimate objective of bettering the
- life of the hemisphere's poor and downtrodden. At his press
- conference, the President pointedly exempted any such movements
- dominated by "external"--meaning Communist--forces, thereby
- shutting the door on renewed diplomatic relations with Fidel
- Castro's Cuba.
- </p>
- <p> THE FARM SCANDAL. The New Frontier apparently has no more
- notion than the Eisenhower Administration about how to solve the
- farm problem. Kennedy plans to take strong executive action to
- disperse surplus goods to distressed areas in the U.S. and the
- world; but a decision on farm support is another matter. Last week
- Agriculture Secretary Orville Freeman held his first major
- conference with representatives of national farm groups, sadly
- watched the meeting deteriorate into bitter arguments for and
- against Government control of farm policy. As hubbub rose,
- National Farmers Union President James Patton cracked:
- "Agriculture is so highly organized it's disorganized. We sound
- like a babble of voices." The babble broke up at noon--with no
- agreement in sight.
- </p>
- <p>Starting Point
- </p>
- <p> In the first Gallup poll of President Kennedy's
- popularity--the one that all future polls will presumably be measured
- against--69% approved, 8% disapproved, and 23% said they had no
- opinion about his actions and appointments in the period between
- his election and his inauguration. Eight years ago, Dwight
- Eisenhower's popularity, as registered at the same time and by
- the same standard, stood at 78% approval and only 4% disapproval;
- Ike left office with a still-remarkable 59% approval.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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